Analyzing corruption, political influence, socioeconomic conditions, and living standards in Pakistan

Dr. Muhammad Ahmad Mazher; Asma Khan; Yasotha Nair Tramankuti

doi:10.58881/jcmts.v4i3.398

Authors

Dr. Muhammad Ahmad Mazher University Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), MALAYSIA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8439-9391
Asma Khan Universiti Putra Malaysia, MALAYSIA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1578-9975
Yasotha Nair Tramankuti University Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58881/jcmts.v4i3.398

Keywords:

final household, consumption expenditures, orruption perception index, political stability, total population

Abstract

The analysis examines the relationship between economic indicators and final household consumption expenditures (FHCE) in Pakistan from 1991-2023. Four variables were used: total population, corruption perception index, political stability, and absence of violence. The results show a positive association between the general population and FHCE in both the short and long terms. However, the corruption perception index reduces FHCE by 0.4430 units, with a negative short-term effect. Political stability has a moderate long-term effect. PSVA has a negative influence on FHCE. The model explains 85.60% variation in FHCE, suggesting population growth management, corruption control, and political stability policies.

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